Adams, William Yewdale, 1927-. Shonto: a study of the role of the trader in a modern Navaho community

Table of Contents

Publication Information

Shonto: A Study Of The Role Of The Trader In A Modern Navaho Community

Introduction

Definition And Delimitation

Genesis Of The Study

First Acquaintance With Shonto Community

Association With Shonto Trading Post

Trading Experience

The Trader In Literature

Refinement Of The Problem

Theoretical Foundations

Summary Of The Problem

Execution Of The Study

Conditions Of Fieldwork

Methods

Informants

Records And Documents

Summary Of Sources

Role

Biases

Preparation Of The Report

Personal Acknowledgments

Part 1. The Community

Background

Physical Setting

Geography

Topography

Geology

Water Supply

Vegetation

Climate

Historical Setting

Prehistory

Navaho Settlement

European Penetration

The American Period

Development Of The Modern Community

Trading

Tourist Development

Government Development

Missions

The Outside World

Mining

Shonto In 1955

Navaho Life

Social Structure

Households

Residence Groups

Resident Lineages

Clans

Marriage

Residence

Social And Political Authority

Law And Order

Religion And Ritual

Medicine

Education

Recreation And Play

Material Culture

Shelter

Household Equipment

Tools And Agricultural Equipment

Transportation

Dress And Ornamentation

Cooking And Housekeeping

Arts And Crafts

Daily Life

The Life Cycle

Birth

Infanoy

Community School

Boarding School

Puberty

Later Adolescence

Military Service

Marriage

Employment

Middle Age

Old Age

Death

Acculturation

Summary

Navaho Economics

Economic Resources

Uncontrolled Resources

Controlled Resources

Economic Structure And Function

Control Of Resources

Economic Interdependence

Credit

Sources Of Livelihood

Livestock

Livestock Income

Agriculture

Hunting

Crafts

Native Commercial And Professional Enterprises

Local Wagework

Railroad Work

Railroad Income

Other Wagework

Miscellaneous Income

Welfare

Summary And Interpretation Of Income Figures

The Economic Cycle

Summary

Part 2. The Trading Post

Background

History

Early Trading Posts

Trading In The Northwestern Navaho Area

Shonto Trading Post

The Trading Post Today

Plant

Equipment And Utilities

Staff

Business Operation

White Society At Shonto

Trading Post Economics

The Consumer Market

Market Characteristics

Market Control

Capital And Finance

Capitalization

Finance

Commodity Exchange

Supply

General Mercantile Houses

Other Wholesalers

Retail Policy

Inventory Control

Sales Promotion

Markup

Bookkeeping

The Business Cycle

Retail Trade

Clientele

Types Of Trade

Cash Sales

Book Credit

Pawn

Direct Exchange

Patterns Of Trade

Frequency Of Shopping

Shopping Habits

Trader Behavior

Communication

Community Services

A Note On Terminology

Charter

Function

Activity

Types Of Functions And Activities

Charter Functions

Employment Agency

Benefit Agent

Bank

Ancillary Functions

Information Agency

Communication Agency

Benefit Agent

Protective Agency

General Factotum

Ancillary Functions For Whites

Community Center

Summary

Part 3: The Role Of The Trading Post

The Structure Of Contact

Theoretical Foundations

The Structural Analysis Of Culture Contact

Qualitative Variability In Culture Contact

Quantitative Variability In Culture Contact

The Measure Of Culture Contact

A Model For The Analysis Of Influence At Shonto

The Background Of Navaho-anglo Culture Contact

History Of Contacts

The Modern Picture

The Basic Direction Of Influence

The Contact Situation At Shonto

Points Of Contact

Intracultural Orientations

Intracultural Relations At The Contact Level

Cross-cultural Relations

The Influence Of Shonto Trading Post

Intracultural Orientations

Intracultural Relations At The Contact Level

Cross-cultural Relations: Historical

Cross-cultural Relations: Access

Cross-cultural Relations: Role

Cross-cultural Relations: Communication

The Historical Measure Of Influence

Social Organization

Material Culture

Economics

Government

Law

Education

Medicine

Religion

Recreation

Summary

Cross-cultural Role

The Concept Of Cross-cultural Role

Level Of Abstraction

The Definition Of Role

The Analysis Of Role

Motivation

Performance Of Functions

Minimum Competition

Maximum Sales

Maximum Community Income

Dependence On The Trading Post

Perceptions And Values

The White World In General

Government Activities

Other Contact Agencies

The Trading Post

The Navaho Tribe

The Ideal Navaho

Summary

Interpersonal Relations

Joking

Sincerity

Nonreciprocal Behavior

Summary

The Role Of Shonto Trading Post

Review And Synthesis

Summary

The Quintessence Of Paternalism

The Entrepreneur In Culture Contact

The Entrepreneur In Literature

Historic Role

Modern Role

Some General Conclusions

The Distribution Of Entrepreneurs

Historical Influence Of Entrepreneurs

Modern Entrepreneurs

Hypothetical Regularities In Trader-native Contact

Publication Information

Paragraph Subjects (OCM)

Publication Information The main body of the Publication Information page contains all the metadata that HRAF holds for that document.

Author: Author's name as listed in Library of Congress records

Title: Shonto: a study of the role of the trader in a modern Navaho community

Published By: Original publisher Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off.. 1963. xi, 329 p. ill.

By line: Author's name as appearing in the actual publication by William Y. Adams

HRAF Publication Information: New Haven, Conn.: Human Relations Area Files, 2004. Computer File

Culture: Culture name from the Outline of World Cultures (OWC) with the alphanumberic OWC identifier in parenthesis. Navajo (NT13)

Subjects: Document-level OCM identifiers given by the anthropology subject indexers at HRAF Acculturation and culture contact (177); External trade (439); Retail marketing (443); Woven and other interworked fabrics (286); Production and supply (433); Labor supply and employment (464); Social insurance (745); Public assistance (746); Borrowing and lending (426); Credit (452);

Abstract: Brief abstract written by HRAF anthropologists who have done the subject indexing for the document This report presents not only a detailed analysis of the various factors '…determining the structural interrelationships and the processual interaction of a single American-operated trading post and its Navajo clientele' (p. 2), but also provides a wealth of information on a wide range of Navajo-Euro-American acculturation processes. This source is divided into three parts, the first of which sketches the geography, history and the general ethnography of the Navajo. Part two deals with the status of the trading post in the trade, services to the community and ancillary functions. The third and final section discusses the variety of roles established by the trading post in Indian-Euro-American cross-cultural contacts. The material for this study was gathered by the author during 1954-1956 while he served as trader at the Shonto Trading Post. This was further supplemented by data provided by informants and various other records and documents.

Document Number: HRAF's in-house numbering system derived from the processing order of documents 181

Document ID: HRAF's unique document identifier. The first part is the OWC identifier and the second part is the document number in three digits. nt13-181

Document Type: May include journal articles, essays, collections of essays, monographs or chapters/parts of monographs. Monograph

Language: Language that the document is written in English

Note: Issued in microfilm form in 1958 as thesis, University of Arizona Includes bibliographical references (p. 308-315)

Field Date: The date the researcher conducted the fieldwork or archival research that produced the document 1954-1956

Evaluation: In this alphanumeric code, the first part designates the type of person writing the document, e.g. Ethnographer, Missionary, Archaeologist, Folklorist, Linguist, Indigene, and so on. The second part is a ranking done by HRAF anthropologists based on the strength of the source material on a scale of 1 to 5, as follows: 1 - poor; 2 - fair; 3 - good, useful data, but not uniformly excellent; 4 - excellent secondary data; 5 - excellent primary data Ethnologist-5

Analyst: The HRAF anthropologist who subject indexed the document and prepared other materials for the eHRAF culture/tradition collection. John Beierle ; 1985

Coverage Date: The date or dates that the information in the document pertains to (often not the same as the field date). 1915-1956

Coverage Place: Location of the research culture or tradition (often a smaller unit such as a band, community, or archaeological site) Shonto, Arizona, United States

LCSH: Library of Congress Subject Headings Navajo Indians

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